Nexus CLEWs Mapping of the Amazon River Basin
Ardian C. Pratama
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Background
Background
The Earth's carbon dioxide concentration reached 419.3 ppm in 2023, marking an increase of 50% since it was recorded in 1958 [NOAA]. This phenomenon has a significant impact on climate systems. Balancing ecological and climate systems is the crucial role of the Amazon River Basin; however, it faces several challenges: water droughts, floods, pollution, land degradation, agricultural expansion, and oil-extraction activities [Davidson et al., 2012; Finer et al., 2008; The Liberal Amazon, 2024]. Moreover, over 60% of electricity in Brazil relies on hydropower, and 34% is located in the Legal Amazon [Riquetti et al., 2023]. The Nexus Assessment is provided to evaluate CLEWs interlinkages and promote sustainable resource management and policy coherence.
Reference Resource System
Reference Resource System
The Reference Resource System (RRS) was developed to identify system interactions and dependencies [Sabogal et al., 2016]. Three crucial issues regarding the RRS will be discussed in depth. Water is essential not only to meet domestic and drinking water demand but also to generate electricity and irrigate agricultural land. Meanwhile, land resources are contested by three needs: agriculture, forests, and support of electricity generation through water dams.
Regarding energy, oil resources are utilized to generate electricity and support agricultural activities. In addition, several activities tend to produce CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere, which affects the climate.
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